• The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first caspase independ

  2024-05-09

  

  The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first caspase-independent death effector. AIF can induce caspase-independent chromatin condensation and large-scale DNA fragmentation to approximately 50 KB. AIF that is released to cytoplasm can mediate apoptosis when special extracellular signals trigger the o

• Apelin is involved in various physiological functions includ

  2024-05-09

  

  Apelin is involved in various physiological functions, including Chlorpropamide contraction (Ashley et al., 2005), vasodilatation (Jia et al., 2007), feeding control (Valle et al., 2008), and metabolic homeostasis (Higuchi et al., 2007, Dray et al., 2008, Attane et al., 2010). Its plasma level is el

• Finally terbinafine is generally associated with a low index

  2024-05-09

  

  Finally, terbinafine is generally associated with a low index of toxicity and few adverse effects. In humans, only mild GI toxicity and hepatobiliary dysfunction are reported. In red-tailed hawks, oral administration of a high dose of terbinafine (120 mg/kg BW) was furthermore demonstrated to induce

• br Material and methods br

  2024-05-08

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion In order to find new and improved ways of treating type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other related conditions it is vital that investigators gain a more in-depth understanding of the effects that anti-diabetic treatments, such as TZDs, have on molecules impli

• br The lipoxygenase pathway in vascular physiology and patho

  2024-05-08

  

  The 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway in vascular physiology and pathology The mammalian 12- and 15-LOXs have high substrate specificity oxidizing predominantly ω−6 (arachidonic and linoleic acids) but also the ω−3 (docosahexanoic) myd88 pathway [86], [87], [88]. Different LOXs oxidize fatty acids both

• br We approached the definition of AD with the distinction

  2024-05-08

  

  We approached the definition of AD with the distinction between a syndrome and a disease in mind. Some will argue that a specific syndrome, that is, a multidomain amnestic dementia (after other potential etiologies have been excluded), should define AD in living people. Our position, however, is t

• br Stress glucocorticoids as risk factor

  2024-05-08

  

  Stress/glucocorticoids as risk factor for Alzheimer’s Disease: preclinical studies A role for glucocorticoids in shaping the risk for AD is supported by animal studies using rats or mice injected with Aβ oligomers, tau protein or excitotoxins, or transgenic (Tg) mice carrying mutations associated

• MD was the recipient of the Intergroupe Francophone

  2024-05-08

  

  MD was the recipient of the Intergroupe Francophone de Cancérologie Thoracique (IFCT) Alain Depierre Grant in 2014. JP was the recipient of the ARISTOT (Association de Recherche, d’Information Scientifique et Thérapeutique en Oncologie Thoracique) grant in 2016. Conflicts of interest statement

• Mechanistically NAergic signaling in the

  2024-05-08

  

  Mechanistically, NAergic signaling in the VTA modulates neuronal activity presumably via α1-AR. The majority of α1-ARs are found in the VTA are located presynaptically on unmyelinated Stattic and axon terminals of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons. However, α1-ARs are also found on neuronal dendr

• To validate the identified phosphorylation sites in the

  2024-05-08

  

  To validate the identified phosphorylation sites in the mouse heart, we analyzed HEK 293T Timolol Maleate mg transfected with Adrb1 based on the hypothesis that protein residues phosphorylated both in vivo and in vitro are more likely to be physiologically relevant. All of the phosphorylation sites

• We have previously reported alterations of the

  2024-05-08

  

  We have previously reported alterations of the thymus in AChR-MG patients, especially in their germinal center Loratadine (defined as CD19+CD38+ cells by flow cytometric analysis). First, we found that, in MG thymi, this subset failed to show the normal down-regulation of Bcl-2, suggesting that auto

• At the last follow up nine patients

  2024-05-08

  

  At the last follow-up, nine patients had discontinued pyridostigmine within the first year postoperatively. Only one patient required pyridostigmine at a higher dose, but this was accompanied by successful weaning of prednisolone. None of the 5 patients who were on pyridostigmine treatment alone pri

• br Materials and methods br Functional demonstrations of

  2024-05-08

  

  Materials and methods Functional demonstrations of ACh/GABA cotransmission The cotransmission of GABA and ACh has been best characterized in starburst amacrine cells (SACs) of the retina. SACs are a subtype of amacrine cell, a diverse set of retinal interneurons that are crucial for processing

• It has been recognized for decades

  2024-05-08

  

  It has been recognized for decades that neurons in the mammalian central nervous system may release both a fast-acting, typically amino acid derived neurotransmitter such as glutamate or GABA, and a second peptidergic neuromodulatory molecule such as neuropeptide Y, substance P, or cholecystokinin.

• The adoptive transfer experiments additionally demonstrated

  2024-05-08

  

  The adoptive transfer experiments additionally demonstrated the role of cholinergic regulation in the antibody immune response. Injection of LPI-stimulated B lymphocytes significantly up-regulated both the IgM and IgG responses to cytochrome c in the host. Obviously, this effect was due to activatio

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